Jakarta – The Setara Institute for Peace and Democracy together with the International NGO Forum on Indonesia Development (INFID) has revealed that Indonesia's 2023 human rights (HAM) index has declined to 3.2 from an earlier score of 3.3.
"In the 2023 HAM index, the average score for all variables was 3.2, namely a decline of 0.1 from last year when the score was at 3.3", said Setara in a written release on Sunday December 10.
The score is based on the fulfillment of rights that refer to six indicators related to variables on civil and political rights as well as five indicators related to variables of economic, social and cultural rights that are sub-divided into 50 sub-indicators.
A score of 1 depicts the worst protection, respect and fulfillment of human rights. Conversely, a score of 7 shows the best respect and fulfillment of human rights.
"In the variables on civil and political rights (Sipol), the state recorded a result of 3. Indicators of freedom of expression and opinion were the contributor to the lowest score, namely 1.3 among all the other indicators", explained Setara.
Widodo the worst
Furthermore, Setara revealed that President Joko "Jokowi" Widodo had the worst performance in protecting and fulfilling the right of citizens to land and freedom of opinion.
"The fulfillment of land rights and guarantees of freedom of expression and opinion are rights that have been the worst during Jokowi's leadership which has been for almost a decade", Setara said.
Since his second term in office starting in 2019, Widodo has never succeeded in achieving a human rights index score of 4. During his tenure the highest human rights index score he has been able to achieve has been 3.3.
"In 2019 the human rights index score was 3.2, then 2020 the score was 2.9, in 2021 it was 3, in 2022 it was 3.3 and in 2023 it fell to 3.2", Setara wrote. (mab/DAL)
[Translated by James Balowski. The original title of the article was "LSM: Skor HAM RI 2023 Turun, Jokowi Terburuk soal Kebebasan Pendapat".]
